requestId:68753c32e47561.34584553.
The Zhushan Community Rescue Station has a narrow and old face, and is deserted. The “original conscience” in the service station is compared with the “original conscience” at the bottom of the service station – starting from Yang Zuhan’s seminar Author: Zhang Hongyi (postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Philosophy in Zhongshan) Source: “History of Chinese Philosophy” Issue 5, 2024
Abstract: The Zhu Shan Association of Yang Zuhan focuses on the discussion of the “original conscience” problem, and is undoubtedly looking for a starting point. But from the perspective of Kung Fu, the origin of Zhu Lu’s opposition lies in the differences between “original conscience” and the methods of growing up. In the cognitive and destiny period: Zhu Xue’s “original conscience” is a natural reveal of “nature reason” in the time of consciousness, and is a standard concept; while the “original conscience” needs of “original conscience” in the matter are presented, which is a guiding concept. In the long-term development period: Zhu Xue regards “original conscience” as the “known principle” in the skill of studying things and learning knowledge, and must go through the complicated process of promoting and intensive reproduction. In the “big principles”, it can be said to be “addition” skill; while in the Chinese learning, the method of constantly decomposing “material desire” and “opinion” to deepen the clarity of “original conscience” can be said to be “reducing the method” skill. The clarification of Zhu Lu’s different concept of “original conscience” is the basis for the development of the mission, and at the same time it promotes the fusion of Zhu Xi’s pluralistic concept of “heart”.
Keywords: Zhu Yang will be in harmony; original intention is conscience; virtuousness; known principles; unlimited mind
The Zhu Yang will be in harmony and Zhu Yang will be in harmony through discussions, and whether the concept of “original intention is conscience” can be regarded as the most basic difference between Zhu Xi and Xiangshan. Yang Zuhan broke this framework. He not only sorted out the concept of “original conscience” of Zhu Zixue based on literature, but also introduced the concept of “natural evidence” and “most basic evil” in Kantian philosophy, and discussed the need for the natural and conservative practice of moral integrity and nature, and then referred to Kantian philosophy in Kantian philosophy that “unrestricted will and moral laws and laws are mutually inclusive” and pointed out that Zhu Xuan’s kung fu approach can be interconnected (1). These discussions are very interesting, and this article is ready to continue to advance in three aspects: first, explain the concept of “original conscience” similar to Zhu Zi and Xiangshan’s friends, but learn the reasons for their opposition; second, master the specificity and differentiation of the concept of “original conscience” from the perspective of real kung fu; third, remind Zhu Zi of the logical structure behind the pluralism of the concept of “heart” and give a comprehensive explanation.
From the literary point, Zhu Xi’s concept of “heart” has many meanings and “contacts with each other”. In contrast, Xiangshan’s concept of “original conscience” is quite difficult to understand. From the perspective of thinking, Zhu Lu and the other twoThis structure forms the other party’s thinking border, and it is easier to see the overall theoretical path of the other party’s thinking outside of the neighborhood. With Yang Zuhan, who can prevent the differences in the pathways of Zhu Shan conflicts, we have asked Zhu Shan to conduct a comprehensive collision at the highest level. This is not only conducive to referring to the concept of “original conscience” in Xiangshan, exploring the boundaries of Zhu Xi’s concept of “heart”, and completing the internal structure of its concept, but also conducive to referring to the concept of Zhu Xi’s concept of “original conscience” in Xiangshan. Kung Fu Reality is the starting point and study of Zhu and Lu. The recognition and growth of “original conscience” are the two key points in the Kung Fu Reality Preliminary. This leads to the difference between Zhu Lu’s concept of “original conscience” and is undoubtedly reliable and useful.
1. The difference in understanding “original conscience”: specifications and guidelines
Zhu Zi put the skill of “original conscience” in the framework of “Three Needs and Eight Enumerations” in “Big School” to understand. “Big School of Thoughts”: “Those who are wise and virtuous are obtained by heaven, but those who are ignorant and do things with all things in order to be multi-reaching.” (2) In this definition, “virtuous and virtuous” is the state of “virtuous and virtuous” on the one hand, and on the other hand, they can “come all things in order to be multi-reaching”. “Direct and unignorant” refers to the “knowledge” effect of the mind. In Zhu Xi’s concept application habit, the “heart” begins with “knowledge”: “the heart with knowledge” (3), “the human heart is knowledge” (“Zhu Xi’s genre平台平台平台”, page 2013), “The heart is the person’s knowledge that controls the body and responds to things” (4). The problem of “not being ignorant” and “common” was related to “Zhonghe New Talk” by Zhu Xi: “A person’s body knows how to use it, and it is difficult to understand what the mind is. The mind is the reason why it is dominated by the body and is not silenced in the quiet and quiet language. However, it is still calm, things have not arrived, thoughts have not yet arisen, but one nature is revealed, and the Tao has been fully possessed. What is said is the reason why the mind is body but is not moving. It is also moving. Things come together, thinking and concern are emanating. The seven emotions are used one after another, and each has its own master. What they say is harmonious. , is the reason why the heart is used and can be understood and understood. ” (“Answer Zhang Jingfu”, Volume 32 of Zhu Zi’s Collection of Works”, “The 21st Book of Zhu Zi”, Page 1419) Before it happened, the truth was not obvious, but just “one nature is revealed”. At this time, through the skill of “holding respect”, the truth of “one nature is revealed” supports the “intellectual” “knowledge”. At this time, “knowledge” is “the basic thing” (“Zhu Zi’s Words”, Page 269), and can “full of morality”. When it has been developed, knowledge is “comprehensive”, and “reason” as the object of knowledge is clear and “bright” and can be used as a standard for dealing with things. Whether “heart” is in the “undeveloped” or “developed” state, “knowledge” and “reason” are first related to experience.
In fact, “clear virtue” means “knowledge is rational.” Achievements that can be achieved. In Zhu Xi, “knowledge” and “reason” are in a state of “dividing and combining”: “knowledge” and “clear” of “knowledge” requires the support of “reason”. In contrast, “reason” requires “knowledge” to intentionally “bear”; knowledge becomes “difficult” when it is separated from reason, and reason becomes “unrestless” when it is separated from knowledge (“Zhu Zi’s Class”, page 85), and has no “place to be met” (“Zhu Zi’s Class”, page 88). Zhu Zi also said: “Reason is in the heart, and the pericardium cannot be stored, and it is caused by things” (“Zhu Zi’s Words”, page 85). The so-called “reason in the heart” refers to the “reason” that is located in the bottom of the “heart” and has not yet been clearly identified as “knowledge”. “The pericardium cannot be stored and it develops through things” refers to the clarity of “reason” and “being seen” and is the activity of “reason” itself. In this regard, Zhu Xi’s “heart” is not a concept of experience. Some scholars point out that Zhu Xi’s concept of “heart” is both transcendent and experiential, and “localizes between metaphysical and physical” (5), which is undoubtedly correct.
Zhu Zi discussed the discovery of “original conscience” with students:
Or some questions: “‘Original conscience’ is the original conscience of conscience in tranquility. Can students investigate it because of their discovery?” said: “It is not only tranquility, but also in movement. Mencius told the child to go into the well to understand this truth. The innocent child entered the well, which is seen by people, and can be seen here. The origin is to make it clear. TC: